Hazardous Chemicals and Their Risks In Australia

Definition and Classification

Hazardous chemicals are usually defined and classified based on specific criteria outlined in the GHS of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, which categorises them according to the type and severity of their hazards.

This classification includes three main hazard groups:

Chemicals are further divided into categories and classes describing exposure risk levels within these groups. This standardised classification enables consistent labelling, communication, and safety measures globally.

Global Harmonized System (GHS)

The primary goal of the GHS is to create a unified, worldwide standard for the classification and labelling of chemicals. Adopted by Australia in 2012, this system requires manufacturers and importers to ensure that chemicals:

• Are accurately classified,

• Are properly labelled, and

• Have updated Safety Data Sheets (SDS) every five years to provide current and comprehensive safety information.

These mandates have enhanced safety, communication, and regulatory compliance internationally.

Types of Hazardous Chemicals

Hazardous chemicals include a variety of substances that can cause different types of harm:

• Health hazards: Skin irritants, carcinogens, and respiratory sensitisers that may affect workers through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion.

• Physicochemical hazards: Substances capable of causing fires, explosions, or corrosive reactions.

Specific examples include flammable liquids, gases, toxic substances, and corrosive substances, highlighting the need for stringent chemical classification criteria and safe toxic substance handling practices.

Health Risks Associated with Hazardous Chemicals

Exposure to hazardous chemicals in the workplace can present many immediate and long-term health risks.

WHS Duties and Responsibilities

The WHS Act and Regulations establish stringent responsibilities for employers to ensure safety in connection with hazardous substances. Some duties for employers may include to:

• Implement a hierarchy of controls,

• Maintain lists of hazardous substances,

• Ensure proper labelling and identification of containers,

• Conduct atmosphere and health monitoring, and

• Consult HSRs and employees on changes in substance use.

Risk Assessment Procedures

Conducting a thorough risk assessment is the first step in managing chemical risks in the workplace. This process should be carried out by knowledgeable individuals or collaborative assessment teams familiar with the hazardous chemicals.

Once risks are identified, PCBUs must implement control measures according to a hierarchy, such as elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment (PPE).

Training and Information for Workers

Providing comprehensive training and information equips workers with the necessary skills to handle hazardous chemicals safely. Employee chemical training programs should cover the proper use of PPE, emergency response protocols, and safety data sheets (SDS) details. Continuous education ensures that employees are always prepared to manage and respond to chemical risks in the workplace.

FAQs

What are hazardous chemicals?

Hazardous chemicals encompass substances, mixtures, or articles classified under a hazard category in the Globally Harmonized System (GHS). These chemicals pose significant risks when manufactured, imported, supplied, or utilised in workplaces and must be managed according to stringent work health and safety (WHS) duties to safeguard individuals.

How should employers manage chemical risks in the workplace?

Effective management involves:

• Conducting comprehensive risk assessments,

• Implementing control measures and hierarchies, and

• Provide training and instruction for workers.

What should be included in employee training for handling hazardous chemicals?

Employee training should cover:

• The identification and classification of hazardous chemicals,

• Proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE),

• Emergency response procedures,

• Risk assessment methods, and

• Compliance with safety regulations.

Source Links

• Hazardous Chemicals – Overview | Safe Work Australia

• Managing Risks of Hazardous Chemicals in the Workplace Code of Practice 2021

• Assess the Risks of Hazardous Chemicals

• Hazardous Chemicals

• Hazardous Substances Health and Safety Guide | WorkSafe Victoria

• Hazchem Regulations

• Hazardous Substances – An Introduction to Legislation

• Spire Safety Risk Assessment Template

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